What is Infertility?

Infertility is defined as the inability to get pregnant after one year of unprotected sex — or six months if you’re over 35. It’s more common than most people realize, affecting roughly 15–20% of couples trying to conceive.

How Common Is Infertility?

Couples under 35 have about a 20% chance of conceiving each menstrual cycle. That means about 50% of couples will get pregnant within three months of trying, and 85% within a year. For women over 35, those numbers drop, which is why earlier evaluation matters. If you’re trying to conceive in your 40s, it’s worth speaking to a specialist sooner rather than later.

What Are the Most Common Causes of Infertility?

Infertility has several known causes. According to medical data, the breakdown looks like this:

• Male factor: 35% of cases
• Tubal or pelvic problems: 35%
• Ovulation issues: 15%
• Unexplained infertility: 10%
• Other causes: 5%

Many people labeled as “unexplained” likely have immune-related issues that stop an embryo from implanting, or subtle problems with egg quality. A small number of women have structural uterine abnormalities. Read more about how infertility affects IVF outcomes.

Male infertility is often overlooked — but it accounts for over a third of all cases. There are many common myths about male infertility worth clearing up before you assume the issue is on one side.

How Is Infertility Treated?

Treatment depends entirely on the cause. Some people need only basic help — like ovulation-stimulating medications or IUI (intrauterine insemination). Others need more involved treatment like IVF. A specialist will run tests and recommend a plan based on your specific situation.

If IVF is recommended, medications play a central role throughout the cycle. You can learn more about the medications used in IVF treatment and how each one works.

Not sure whether IVF or IUI is right for you? Check out our IVF vs. IUI comparison for a plain-language breakdown.

How Do Doctors Check for Blocked Tubes?

The most common test is called a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) — sometimes called the “dye test.” A small amount of dye is injected through the cervix into the uterine cavity, and x-rays show whether the dye flows freely through the tubes. If it doesn’t, there may be a blockage.

Blocked tubes are often caused by past pelvic infections. Chlamydia is the most common culprit — and it frequently causes no symptoms, so many women don’t know they had it. Other causes include endometriosis, prior abdominal surgery, or a history of ectopic pregnancy. For tubal problems, IVF is usually the most effective treatment path.

Laparoscopy is another option — it can both detect and treat tubal issues in the same procedure.

What Should You Do If You Think You’re Infertile?

Start with your OB-GYN or a reproductive endocrinologist. Both partners should be evaluated — infertility testing is straightforward and can usually identify the cause. The sooner you know, the sooner you can act.

The emotional side of infertility is real too. Many couples find it helpful to seek support while going through diagnosis and treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long should I try before seeing a doctor about infertility?

If you’re under 35, try for 12 months before seeing a specialist. If you’re over 35, don’t wait longer than 6 months. If you have known conditions like endometriosis or irregular periods, see a doctor sooner.

Can infertility be treated without IVF?

Yes, many cases are treated with less invasive options like ovulation medications or IUI. IVF is usually recommended when simpler methods haven’t worked or when there’s a specific medical reason like blocked tubes or very low sperm count.

Is male infertility common?

Very. Male factor infertility accounts for about 35% of all cases — roughly the same as female-related causes. Both partners should be tested at the same time, not sequentially.

What is unexplained infertility?

Unexplained infertility means no clear cause is found after standard testing. It accounts for about 10% of cases. Many experts believe undiscovered immune issues or subtle egg quality problems are often involved, even when tests come back normal.

Can I order IVF medications through Fast IVF if my doctor recommends IVF?

Yes. Fast IVF is a leading international IVF medication provider. We carry European-brand medications at significantly lower prices than US retail. You’ll need a valid prescription. Request a free quote and we’ll send you pricing for your full protocol.

Getting a diagnosis is the first step — and most people who pursue treatment do eventually get pregnant. If IVF is part of your plan, Fast IVF can help you manage medication costs. Get a free quote today and see how much you can save on your IVF medications.